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Four key ingredients are used.
Barley - They use malted barley, which provides the foundation for the flavour of the beer, and roasted barley. Their traditional craft of roasting barely gives Guinness Stout and Draught its wonderful dark ruby red colour (it looks black, but hold your glass up to the light, and you'll see there's a ruby in every glass, as the old saying has it) and its unique roasted character.
Hops - They use the finest female hop (we discriminate in flavour of the fairer sex), and use around double the amount of hops in their brew than most beers, for a more intense flavour and aroma. Hops are also a natural preservative, giving Guinness the long life essential for global export.
Water - Like Arthur Guinness before them, they prize their water for its purity and softness. In fact, it's so important to them, they call it 'liquor'. At the St. James's Gate Brewery in Dublin the water comes from springs in the Wicklow Mountains (which are also known as St. James's Wells).
Guinness Yeast - To capture the full freshness of the ingredients, they use their famous strain of Guinness yeast, descended down from Arthur's time. It works like no other to ensure their beer is fully fermented and charged with flavour. It's so valuable to them that a small reserve amount is kept under lock and key in case something should happen to their main supply.
They don't believe anything should be wasted, so the spent grains from the brewing process become animal feed, the hops become fertilizer and surplus yeast makes yeast extract or health products.
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